This comprehensive guide explores the types of shoulder replacement surgeries, preparation, the surgical procedure itself, recovery, risks, long-term outcomes, lifestyle modifications post-surgery, and shoulder replacement cost in Singapore.
Why you may need shoulder replacement surgery
Think of your shoulder as a trusty backpack strap—always there to carry the load, but sometimes it takes a tumble. Shoulder injuries often happen when this flexible joint gets pushed beyond its comfort zone. It is like trying to lift a heavy box all by yourself, and all of a sudden, you feel a twinge. Maybe it is from a sudden twist or reaching out too far, like when you stretch to grab something from a high shelf. In some cases, it is not a single moment but a series of small stresses. Your shoulder might start to ache, protest, or just feel plain tired.
Sports and activities can also stir up trouble—imagine swinging a tennis racket with all your might or diving for a touchdown catch. Those moves put your shoulder through its paces, and sometimes, it says, “Hey, slow down!” When a shoulder gets injured, it is like getting a gentle reminder from your body to take a breather and give it some TLC.
Shoulder replacement surgery, also known as shoulder arthroplasty, is a procedure designed to relieve pain and restore function in patients with severe shoulder joint damage or arthritis. The shoulder joint is a complex structure consisting of the upper arm bone (humerus), shoulder blade (shoulder blade), and collarbone (clavicle). It is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion necessary for daily activities such as reaching, lifting, and rotating the arm. Over time, conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or severe fractures can lead to the deterioration of the shoulder joint, causing pain, stiffness, and limited mobility.
Types of shoulder replacement surgery
Shoulder replacement surgery in Singapore encompasses several types, each tailored to address specific conditions and patient needs:
- Total shoulder replacement (TSR): This procedure is done by replacing both the ball (head of the humerus) and the socket (glenoid) of the shoulder joint with prosthetic devices made of metal, plastic, or ceramic. TSR is commonly used for patients with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
- Partial shoulder replacement (Hemiarthroplasty): In hemiarthroplasty, only the ball of the shoulder joint is replaced with a prosthetic component. This procedure may be suitable for patients with severe fractures of the humeral head.
- Reverse total shoulder replacement: Reverse shoulder replacement is employed when the rotator cuff muscles are severely damaged. It involves placing the ball component on the glenoid and the socket component on the humerus. This reversal of components changes the mechanics of the shoulder, allowing alternative muscles to compensate for the damaged rotator cuff.
Preparing for shoulder replacement surgery in Singapore
Before undergoing shoulder replacement surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation by an orthopedic surgeon. This evaluation typically includes a physical examination, review of medical history, and diagnostic tests such as X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the extent of joint damage and determine the most appropriate surgical approach.
The surgical procedure
Shoulder replacement surgery is performed under general anesthesia, ensuring that patients are comfortable and pain-free throughout the procedure. The surgery begins with an incision made over the shoulder joint to access the damaged area. The orthopedic surgeon then removes the damaged bone and cartilage from the shoulder joint, preparing it for the prosthetic components.
Next, the prosthetic components are securely implanted into the prepared bone surfaces of the humerus and glenoid. These components are carefully selected to fit the patient’s anatomy and restore proper joint function. Once the components are in place, the incision is closed using sutures or surgical staples, and a sterile dressing is applied.
Recovery and rehabilitation
Following shoulder replacement surgery, patients typically spend a few days in the hospital for initial recovery and monitoring. Pain management is an essential part of post-operative care, often involving a combination of medications to alleviate discomfort and promote healing.
Physical therapy and rehabilitation begin soon after surgery to restore shoulder mobility, strengthen muscles surrounding the joint, and prevent stiffness. Rehabilitation exercises are tailored to each patient’s specific needs and progress gradually from gentle range-of-motion exercises to more strenuous activities as healing progresses.
Risks and complications
Risks and potential complications for this kind of procedure may include infection, blood clots, damage to nerves or blood vessels, shoulder stiffness, and prosthetic dislocation or loosening over time. Patients are carefully monitored during and after surgery to minimize these risks, and preventive measures such as antibiotics and blood thinners may be administered as needed.
Long-term outcomes
The success of shoulder replacement surgery is often measured by improvements in pain relief, joint function, and overall quality of life. Many patients experience significant relief from pain and a return to daily activities that were once difficult or impossible due to shoulder joint issues. Factors influencing long-term outcomes include patient age, overall health, commitment to aftercare rehabilitation programs, and the specific type of shoulder replacement performed.
Lifestyle modifications after surgery
After recovering from shoulder replacement surgery, patients are advised to make certain lifestyle adjustments to protect their new joint and promote long-term joint health. These adjustments may include avoiding repetitive overhead activities, maintaining a healthy weight, and participating in regular low-impact exercises to strengthen the shoulder muscles without placing excessive strain on the joint.
You can typically resume light activities within a few weeks after surgery, with full recovery and return to more strenuous activities such as sports or heavy lifting taking several months. It is important to follow the orthopedic surgeon’s guidance regarding activity levels and to report any new or persistent pain or discomfort promptly.
Cost of shoulder replacement surgery in Singapore
In Singapore, the cost of shoulder replacement surgery can vary based on factors such as the type of procedure, the complexity of the case, the hospital or surgical center chosen, and whether any complications arise during or after surgery. Generally, the total cost may include expenses for pre-operative consultations, diagnostic tests, surgical fees, anesthesia, hospitalization, medications, post-operative rehabilitation, and follow-up care.
Dr Puah Ken Lee MBBS (Singapore) MRCSED, MMED (Ortho Surg), FRCSED (Orth), FAMS
Artisan Sports & Orthopaedic Clinic
290 Orchard Road
Paragon Medical Centre #07-12
Singapore 238859
Phone (65) 8909 8877
https://www.artisanorthopaedics.sg/